Introduction: The purpose of this study was to provide a practical model for promoting sports ethics and developing ethical codes as a behavioral guide for sports coaches. The present study is applied in purpose and  a mixed method; and the method of data collection is of field research. Methods: To plan codes of ethics for sports coaches, an interview was conducted between 13 people (purposive sampling and snowball technique) from the coaches of sports teams of the Premier League, one and two soccer teams (especially ethical coaches), then a questionnaire extracted from the qualitative interview was required. 30 football coaches were selected. Finally, to determine the appropriateness of the proposed model, a 23-item questionnaire made by the researchers was given to some experts in the field of sports ethics for coaches, and the final model was presented.Results: The findings showed that there are 6 main factors or ethical codes for coaches' sports ethics, which in order of factor loading includes factors related to attention and concentration with a factor load of 0.86 with the highest priority, factors related to justice and fair treatment with a factor load of 84 0.0, factors related to trustworthiness with a factor load of 0.83, factors related to care and responsibility and chivalry with a factor load of 0.70, factors related to technical competence with a factor load of 0.62 and factors related to beliefs and values With a factor load of 0.54, it is the sixth priority.Conclusion: Finally, it is suggested that by considering the extracted factors as a practical model, a charter for the ethical codes of sports coaches should be compiled and introduced as a legal norm.

Introduction: From a long time ago, benefiting from technology has been an inevitable thing for human interests, which is born and based on science. It can be claimed that there is harmony between ethics, science and technology, which promote each other. In this article, the researcher discusses this harmony and compatibility. Material and Methods: The current review study was descriptive and using the study of sources and research keywords among the books and articles published in the databases of Thomson Information Institute, Science Direct and Pub Med. Conclusion: As science and technology continue to advance and become more integrated into our daily lives, ethical considerations become increasingly important. For example, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised questions about the potential implications of creating machines that can make autonomous decisions and take actions. If science and technology were considered as a tool, it should have been able to subjugate humans and influence all aspects of behavior and values. While it has become a problem that eventually becomes aligned with morality by applying reason, and people now seek help from it as a tool.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the adherence of sports journalists and Sports Reporters to the ethics of journalism from the perspective of journalists-reporters and sports experts. The research Methodology was descriptive-comparison, the procedure was survey, and the type of research was practical. The statistical population consisted of two groups of journalists-sports reporters and sports experts and around 400 people. The statistical sample consisted of 248 subjects (160 journalists and sports reporters and 88 sports experts). The result indicated that there was a significant difference between the views of sports experts and journalists-reporters about the situation of the amount of adherence of journalists-sports reporters to the professional ethics of journalism (principle of freedom of the press, the principle of social responsibility, the principle of national sovereignty, the principle of respecting to confidential secrets and human dignity, the principle of independence and professional integrity, the principle of objectivity, the principle of the duty of guarding against ill wills of government, the principle of general guidance) for the principle of freedom of the press the result indicated that there was no significant difference. According to the findings of this hypothesis, we can realize the difference of opinion between sports expert opinions and journalists-sports reporters about the current situation of the amount of adherence of journalists-sports reporters to the professional ethics of journalists.

The purpose of this study was to identify and explain the factors affecting professional ethics in sports based on data theory and provide a model.Methodology: The present research is applied research in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data search and based on data theory and in terms of analytical-exploratory data analysis method and in terms of time of research. It is now clear that data collection was done in the field and survey through interviews. The statistical population of the study includes all academic and experimental sports experts in the country. The statistical sample, according to the size of the statistical population in 1399, was identified, determined and sampled purposefully. Finally, 25 people were interviewed. The first group (academic experts) was 12 people and the second group (experimental experts) was 13 people. Data collection was done through semi-structured and exploratory interviews with sports experts in the country. For data analysis, the foundation data analysis method and Max Kyoda quality software were used.Findings: The results showed that the concepts obtained from coding the signs were divided into nuclear categories of phenomenon, causal condition, background condition, interfering / disruptive condition, strategies and consequences of implementing professional ethics in sports in the country. Conclusion: Those involved in sports in the country should use the components, categories and dimensions extracted in the final research model in order to implement the characteristics of professional ethics in sports in the country at different levels.

One aspect of sports is ethics, necessary to be paid attention. Clubs as a sports institution can proceed to institutionalize ethics in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify functions of sports clubs to institutionalize ethics in athletes. The research method was qualitative from the type of exploratory one and from the perspective of aim, it was applicable and in terms of method was field research. The statistical population included insightful and informed experts in the field of ethics and ethics in sports. Samples were chosen through purposive and available sampling and snowball method. In this study, 11 samples were interviewed to reach theoretical saturation point. Instrument to collect data was depth interview, whose validity was examined based on accuracy in topic selection, designing, conduct and typing interviews, accurate transcription of interviews, incorporation of questions in interview in a logical order and accuracy in reports preparation. Its reliability was evaluated through retest method, and the reliability coefficient of the interviews was calculated 0/77. To analyze the data, codification was done through MAXQDA10 software. The results indicates totally 26 functions (12 regulative, 8 normative, 6 cognitive functions) of clubs to institutionalize ethics in athletes; So, by cognition, planning and creating some mechanisms for operating regulative, normative and cognitive functions in the sport clubs, the process of institutionalization of ethics in athletes could be facilitated and the ethics of sports clubs could be seen.

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the factors of sports ethics policy making using Demetel technique which has been answered qualitatively and quantitatively by using mixed research. In this research, first through interviews with 19 sports managers and professors (consisting of professors at the doctoral level, World and Asian champions, national team coaches, high-level sports directors and sports book authors) Then, in the second step of the analysis, 15 experts in the field of public policy, managers and experts working in the Ministry of Sports and Youth were hired by using the Demetel method. Findings showed that the factor of ethnic diversity and philosophy of ethics as two underlying factors play an important role in shaping the process of sports ethics policy-making. In other words, paying attention to these factors can provide the process of formation of other factors.

Purpose: Something that happens in the future of a scientific field depends on today's view of young people about the future. The perception of young people from the future and their conception of the future is very important. The purpose of this study was to imaging the future of sports science from the perspective of educated youth. Method: The method of the present research is qualitative and exploratory research and in terms of purpose is applied research. The statistical population of the study included educated youth who are familiar with sports science and the snowball sampling method was used for interviews and theoretical saturation were obtained with 23 interviews. To analyze the data, the content analysis method has been used to obtain the information of this research. Findings: The results show the future of sports science among educated youth consists of seven main concepts that include: hope for a green education system, excessive interest in working in the sports industry, basic reengineering, relative disappointment from the ability of authorities, social position through academic education, desire for empowerment and lack of skills, injustice, and utilitarianism. Conclusion: Finally, by observing the mental images of the youth, it can be stated that sports science will move towards the dystopia if the current situation continues, and it can move towards the utopia with fundamental changes. In this direction, the stakeholders of sports sciences need to be together and disagreements need to be managed as well as arbitrariness of sports science professionals should be reduced.

Background & Aims: Morality is the sum of temperaments. This technique can be explored in behavior, any activity and action that the living thing performs and involves overt and covert physical activities, physiological, emotional and mental activity, refers to the concept of sports behavior (4). In this regard, Ehsani (2012) has presented principles for behavior. This action is possible through the development of ethical codes (regulations), which can be the basis for encouraging the athlete in cases of moral behavior or legal action in cases of violation (5). A code is a statement that contains policies, principles, and regulations that guide behavior. Fortunately, the intensity of writing regulations has been increasing in the country, so that the sciences of nursing, medicine, counseling, etc. have all benefited from it. In sports science, we can refer to various researches such as Poursoltani et al. Regarding the ethics of faculty members (6). But the question is, what factors influence the drafting of a code of ethics? In this regard, various researches have been done, including Poursoltani et al. (2013) in the field of education and training, the indicators of group activity, honesty, conscientiousness, professional behavior, commitment and financial responsibility (8). It seems that one of the issues related to the development of a code of ethics is the psychological characteristics that have attracted the attention of many researchers. According to the World Health Organization, the health of individuals does not simply include a state of complete physical health,It also includes the dimensions of mental and social health, the ability to communicate appropriately and in harmony with others, change and modify the individual and social environment, and resolve conflicts and personal desires in a positive, just and appropriate way, which is a necessity of coaching (9). On the other hand, although various environments including competition environment, training environment and family environment have been reported for training and examining ethics and mental health in coaching, but because athletes spend most of their training and training time under the supervision of coaches, the environment Training and practice are considered important (2), although conflicting results have been reported. Therefore, the researcher seeks to answer the question of whether family, exercise and psychological characteristics affect the moral system in sports or not? Methods: The present study is a descriptive study that was conducted in the field using a questionnaire. To conduct this research, 20 people familiar with the research subject (activists in the field of sports ethics, university professors, actors in the development of culture and sports ethics) were selected as a sample by snowball method. Then, a researcher-made questionnaire including 30 questions in the form of three components of family, practice and psychological characteristics was distributed and collected among the sample. Finally, descriptive statistics, Kalmogorov-Smirnov test were used to examine the natural distribution of data and a one-sample t-test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the present study showed that family (p = 0. 001), exercise (p = 0. 004) and psychological characteristics (p = 0. 034) have a significant effect on the development of ethics in sports ( Table 1). Conclusion: The results showed that the family has an effect on the development of ethics in sports. Regarding the family environment and the ethical code in the field of sports and coaching, no research was found from the perspective of a researcher, which may indicate that this component is exploratory in the research. In general, sports coaches should be aware of the interaction between work and family, the coach should be able to lead the family and work environment and in his work path to act according to the standard conditions of the rules and make self-sacrifice and forgiveness his priority (15). Another finding showed that training and training environment have an effect on the development of ethical rules in sports. The practice and training environment for basic educators has a great effect on the development of moral themes, and educators must act according to the standards of the training and education set and adhere to its frameworks (21). In the present study, it was found that psychological characteristics have a significant effect on the development of ethics in sports. Given the definition of ethics on the one hand and the relationship between ethics and psychological characteristics on the other hand, the findings of the present study seem logical.

Background and Aim: Spiritual intelligence interacts with ethics and team culture. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and team culture with the sports ethics of the athletes of sports teams of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran.Materials and Methods: This study was an applied study in terms of purpose which was conducted using descriptive-correlational research method. Study population consisted of all athletes of sports teams of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz including 182 individuals in 2015. Using census, 175 questionnaires were distributed and completed. King and DeCicco's spiritual intelligence questionnaire (2009), Denison's team culture survey (2000) and Talebian Nia’s sports ethics questionnaire (2008) were used to collect data. Pearson correlation and linear regression statistical tests were used to analyze data.Findings: There was significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence (p=0.001) and team culture (p=0.001) with sports ethics of the athletes of sports team. Also, there was significant positive relationship between the determinants of spiritual intelligence and team culture with the sports ethics of the participants (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that among determinants of the spiritual intelligence, transcendental consciousness can predict 9.8% of changes in sports ethics and among determinants of the team culture, work engagement can predict 11.6% of changes in sports ethics.Conclusion: It is suggested that team instructors promote spirituality and sports ethics among athletes and sports environments, and cause that they feel the support of managers and promote team behavior by creating an appropriate atmosphere in sports clubs.